LESSON PLAN - Memorizing Vocabulary

Title                            : Memorizing Vocabulary
Day                             : Friday,   - 08- 2009
Level                           : Junior High School
Number of Student     : 27 Students
Subject                        : English
Time                            : 45 Minutes (13.30- 14.15)

Teacher : Hasan Sanjani
General : Give students some vocabularies to memorize.

Main Target:
1. Students can understand well vocabularies which are given.
2. Students can say and pronounce all the vocabularies well.
3. Students can practice the vocabularies which are given anywhere and in real life or in their daily activities.

Tools which are needed: Whiteboard, Marker, Eraser, Pencil, Pens.

The Steps:

· 08.00 – 08.05, English subject begins. Teacher starts to say hello to the students first. And Teacher does not forget to begin lesson with praying and students follow it.

· 08.05 – 08. 20, Teacher appoints students to rememorize previous given vocabularies to remembering and refreshing the lesson before start new one. Teacher begins to give new vocabularies and practice them in front of class, complete with the example of vocabularies on sentences.

· 08.30 – 08. 42, Teacher appoint students to memorize the vocabularies by heart together. While teacher say the word then students follow him. Students can make a sentence using new vocabulary.

· 08.42 – 08.45, Make sure all of the students has memorized the vocabularies. Lesson is finished. Teacher end the process of learning and command the students to do ending praying.

Evaluation:

Teacher give command to students to practice their memorized vocabularies and give more vocabularies as homework.

What Makes English Difficult??

So far I feel English is a difficult language to learn because of some reasons. The first reason is that English has so many words and also many English words has same sound but they are spelled differently. For example, holly and holy sound are exactly same, but they are spelled differently ( you can see by yourself in a dictionary ).

The second reason is that English has so many idioms. There are so many idioms in common use by English speaker. And the most important reason is English has grammar system. I feel that English grammar is hard to learn because it has many exceptions. Of course this difficulties will be effect to our understanding in learning English. But actually, if we learning vocabulary frequently with open dictionary frequently too and also with the other ways to increase our vocabulary, maybe the difficulties will be decrease.

English is a difficult language, but English is a unique language and also it has many variation words. With study frequently, it can help your problems in learning English.

By : Wiranti Yulianingrum

The Powerful Influence Of Weather

Weather has a powerful effect on people. It influences health, intelligence, and feelings.

In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. Southerners have heart attacks and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these states tend to have heart attacks after the weather changes in February or March.

The weather can also affect intelligence. For example, in a 1938 study by scientists, the IQ (intelligence Quotient) scores of a group of undergraduate college students were very high during a hurricane, but after the storm, their scores were 10 percent (%) below average. Hurricanes can increase intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can lower it. Students in many of the United States often do badly on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August).

Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel depressed during cold weather. In hot summer weather, on the other hand, overweight people may feel unhappy. Tje summer heat may make them tired and irritable.

Low air pressure relaxes people. It increases sexual feelings. It also increases forgetfulness. People leave more packages and umbrellas on buses and in stores on low-pressure days. There is a “perfect weather” for work and health. People feel best a temperature of about 64°F with 65 percent (%) humidity (moisture in the air).

Are you feeling sick, sad, tired, forgtetful, or very intelligent today? The weather may be the cause.

written by ROSA CHARIS SHOULINA

Indonesians Education Problems

Indonesia as one of developed country has many reasons to establish education aspect in globalization era. Nowdays, however, Indonesians have many problems in their study habit.

First aspect is their ability to choice invansion culture from western. It made them lost their willingness to read. They prefer play console or watch movie in cinema to read a book. Library, had been built for support education, was left by society; mall or coffeeshop became very crowded place for them. The ability to distribute material of study is second aspect. Quality level of teacher should be asked by society, well being of teacher has became problem in education environment for a long time. It made Indonesians lost their probability to face modernization. Tools for research in education is so limited that has made us who are want to make research blocked by it. It is third aspect of problems in study habit. Professor always work in abroad better than in Indonesia for reaons in years ago. How poor Indonesia is!

bY : Abid Alif M

Why we need to drink a lot?

About 80% body of human being consisted of the water. Moreover, there are some parts of body of us which having water component above 80%. Two most important organs with water component above 80% are brain and blood. The brain owns component as much 90%. For a while the blood owns water component up to 95%.
The drinking quota of human being normally at least 2 liter or 8 glasses a day. The amount above has to be added if you are smoker. Those great quantities of water are needed to change secretory dilution from our body through urine, sweats, respiration, and secrecy. If we consume less than two liter per day, of course, the body will balance itself by way of “inhaling” water from the components of the body. From the brain? Not yet, but from the closest source: blood.
Blood which is water inhaled, will become to jell. The effect of this inhaled blood, so the way of coagulation will less be fluent compared to watery. When it through kidney (the place to filter poison from the blood) kidney will work extra hard to filter the blood. Meanwhile, the kidney’s filter is very smooth, so the gore can caused the torn in the glomerulus kidney. As a result, your urine will be reddish. That’s the sign of the beginning of kidney’s filter weakness. If it let continuously, someday you probably have to spend Rp. 400.000/ week for blood wash.
When the gore circulates through the brain, its transportation will rather obstruct. Brain won’t be “watery”, and because the brain cells consume a lot of oxygen and food, it’s tardy in this blood stream can cause broken brain cell or do not function properly. If this problem added with heart sickness, so stroke can quickly attack.
Now, the decision is yours. Will you choose doing “investment” by drinking 8 glasses of water a day or “paying interest” for kidney disease or stroke?

By : Rahmi Salisa Himawati

Why are women not allowed to have husbands more than one?

In our society, it’s common for a husband to have wife more than one maximally three, whereas women are not permitted to have husbands more than one. Some people say that this is discrimination for the women; it is injustice. This time I am going to make it clear.

The first of all, I would like to give explanation about the terminology about having more than one couple married. Having more than one wife for men is called polygamy. On the other hand having more than one husband for women is called polyandry. I’m sure that we usually hear these terminologies. The former is allowed in our law and the last is not allowed.

Actually there are many reasons about the prohibition of polyandry, but in my writing I will explain one reason only. It is based on status of the children they have. The women can naturally delivery a baby, and it is quite different with men. Men can have a baby but they can not delivery it. Now try to compare between two girls who are monoandry and polyandry. When a woman who has one husband deliveries a baby, we can still identify whose father the baby belongs to, but if a woman who is polyandry deliveries a baby, we can not easily to identify that the baby belongs to which husband. It can belong to first husband, second husband, even third husband.

If we want to compare polygamy with polyandry, we can find that there are big differentiations between them. When a polyandry man has a baby from second wife, we can say that the baby belongs to this father and this mother because it is clear enough, but when a polyandry woman has delivered a baby, it is hard for us to justice that the baby’s father is the first husband, second husband, or third husband.

We can allegory this problem with a kettle and a cup. The kettle is men and the cup is women. When a kettle full of with milk is poured in to several cups, we can say that the cups consist of milk. It is just like a man has many wives. It is easy to identify the father of the baby because there only one source. Now try to see how if a woman is polyandry. There are three kettle (husbands), consisted of different kinds of drink (each of them are orange juice, whiskey, and tea) and an empty cup (the wife of three husbands). Now pour the orange juice into the cup, and then pour the whiskey and the last pour the tea. Can you guess what the cup contains now? Absolutely it’s hard for you to say that the cup contains orange juice because you have poured whiskey and tea also. It’s simply the same with identifying the father of a baby whose mother has many husbands.

From the brief explanation above, we can see clearly the reason why polygamy is allowed while polyandry is forbidden in our law. It is just a matter of baby’s status. There are still many reasons why this practice is illegal but I can explain only based on this point of view because of limitations of my ability in explaining. Thank you for reading my writing. And I really hope your comment for better work.

By : Karman

Why People Choose Laptop

Laptop is a kind of computer unit which has same function with PC (Personal Computer), but has different form. At this time, most people choose laptop because of some reasons and benefits. These are several benefits of using laptop.

The first, laptop is a portable device. It means that we can move laptop and bring it anywhere. This portability is very helpful to help your work, study, and other activities. We need not complicated cable installation to activate laptop.

Next, laptop is enabling for us to use special facility in some areas or places. It is hot spot area. We can use free internet access in some public places by laptop. Some people like to use this facility to do their activity which deal with internet.

The last, laptop is efficient use of electric energy consumption. This device also has a battery as the source of electric energy. We can just charge the battery and use laptop without spend much energy. It also means that we support the government program to save the energy. That’s why laptop becomes very popular.

By : Rio Herwanto

HOW THE SEASONS CHANGE?

Every year, there is different season. Countries that didn’t lie in the equator have four seasons. They are spring, summer, autumn and winter.

The change of season is caused by the rotation of earth. The earth surrounded the sun once a year. It is leaning when it rotated. It caused the change of seasons.

Spring occurs when a side of earth is starts leaning toward the sun when surround it. The weather is warm, the plants are bloom, the leaves grow and the birds make their nest. In summer, a side of earth is leaning toward the sun when surround it. The plants grow well and bear fruit. The insects swing and also look for their meals freely in the ground. Beside that, rabbits and antelopes grow fast. Afterwards, autumn occurs when a side of earth is starts leaning farther the sun when surround it. The weather is cold. The plants lost their leaves. The insects dead but left their egg. Finally, in winter a side of earth is leaning farther the sun when surround it. The weather is very cold. Most of the animals hid and have their hibernation.

Bye : Erna Sulistyani

HOW TO MAINTAIN A CLEAN HOME?

Every people really like to have a clean home. But, most of people just rely on Mom or helper to maintain a clean home. I will explain to you some interesting tips to maintain a clean house that the entire family can and should use. All family members living in the home should help take care of the home they live in.
Clean up any and all messes immediately. You will get into the habit of doing this after a while. Make a habit of cleaning up as you go! This saves time and keeps your home clean and organized. Washing dishes as you cook works great and prevents the large pile to wash after the meal. Then, never go to bed with a dirty kitchen. Even if you can’t get to the dishes right after a meal, make sure the kitchen is clean before bedtime. Keep your bathrooms clean. Keep disinfectant wipes in the bathroom so anyone can use them immediately if needed. These are great for quick cleanups! After that, take 15 minutes a day to clean your home. It’s a tempting thought to try and clean the entire house all at once, and if you can do that, great!
If everyone is partaking to take care it, maintain a clean home will be easy and enjoy work. While no one will change overnight, incorporating these tips into your daily life will soon make new and neater habits.

How the Rain Happened?

Rain is the water that falls from the clouds in the separate drop. Some countries, exactly which lie in the around of equator line like Indonesia, have the rains as one of the season. It usually happened in October to April. It is influenced by the blowing of the wind from the ocean that blows in the particular period.
In Indonesia, rain is produced when the wind blow from the west that comes from The Hindia Ocean. The winds which blow above the ocean bring much steam from the evaporation of the sea water that is passed. It brings much steam because the ocean that is passed is too large. When the wind reaches the land, the steams condense to be dew and drop in the land. The dew drop is usually called the rain.
That is the how rain happened. It is usually happened in October to April because the blowing of the wind from Hindia Ocean usually happened in that period. But, sometimes it is not exactly begin in October because the influence of the weather.

The Digestive System

The Digestive System
Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to build up new cells and replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substance that can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.
The first digestive process takes place in the mount. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mount. Saliva contains digestive juices which moisten the food. So, it can be swallowed easily.
From the mount, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the stomach. Here, the food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing, and moving the food onwards.
In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic b ranch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.

By : Noviana Watiningsih

The Greenhouse Effect

Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century and its projected continuation. The causes of the recent warming are an active field of research. The scientific consensus is that the increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases due to human activity caused most of the warming observed since the start of the industrial era, and the observed warming cannot be satisfactorily explained by natural causes alone. This attribution is clearest for the most recent 50 years, being the period most of the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations took place and for which the most complete measurements exist.
The greenhouse effect was discovered by Joseph Fourier in 1824 and first investigated quantitatively by Svante Arrhenius in 1896. It is the process by which absorption and emission of infrared radiation by atmospheric gases warm a planet’s lower atmosphere and surface. Existence of the greenhouse effect as such is not disputed. The question is instead how the strength of the greenhouse effect changes when human activity increases the atmospheric concentrations of particular greenhouse gases. Naturally occurring greenhouse gases have a mean warming effect of about 33 °C (59 °F), without which Earth would be uninhabitable. On Earth the major greenhouse gases are water vapor, which causes about 36–70 percent of the greenhouse effect (not including clouds); carbon dioxide (CO2), which causes 9–26 percent; methane (CH4), which causes 4–9 percent; and ozone, which causes 3–7 percent.

By : Dyah Setya

LESSON PLAN - Internet Safety

Internet Safety

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Subject : Computer and The Internet
Grade Level : 9-12

Duration : One 45 minute session

Description : This program is designed to help students who are using the Internet to identify and avoid situations that could threaten their safety. 

Goals:

To increase student knowledge of Internet safety

To aid the student in identifying dangers on the Internet

To build critical-thinking and decision-making skills relating to computer usage

To help students protect themselves from inappropriate behavior online

Handouts

            Handouts with relevant web sites and links

Parent or guardian/child agreement

Objectives: By the end of this training, students will be able to:

Identify five types of personal information

Identify types of online threats

Identify appropriate people for communication

Identify how to protect themselves from inappropriate Internet behavior

 Content Outline

A.  Going on the Internet is like going out on Halloween

Everyone’s identity is hidden

Unless you know your friend’s costume, you don’t know who you’re talking to

Any stranger can pretend to be a friend and you have no way of knowing whom they are

B.  Appropriate Websites

Feel embarrassed or uncomfortable with what you see – tell adult

C.  Appropriate Email and Messages

Do not open email from strangers

Do not open email with attachments

Do not give out email address (unless approved or to a classmate)

Do not open links or files from people you don’t know.

Never respond to e-mails with pornographic or other inappropriate material.

Do not respond to advertisements - this confirms that you have a working e-mail account, and you will only receive more junk e-mails.

D.  Giving Out Information

Do Not Give Out Personal Information

Name

Where you live – city or address

Telephone Number

Birthdate

Height

Weight

Photo

Parent’s name

School

Information you can give out

            Likes and dislikes

Be careful of online names – don’t give TMI in name

            Sunygrl14

            Sweetie15

            Goldguy17

            90tampa

Question students about appropriate information—

Yes

Can you tell someone you like blue?  You like pizza?  Type of pets that you have?  Your favorite movie?

No

Your favorite movie theater?

Your favorite beach?

Teacher’s names?

Be careful in joining mailing lists, some may make your personal information public

Newsgroups, Forums, and Bulletin Boards – remember not to slip and say anything that can reveal your identity age (little pieces of info can be put together over time)

[You give out your school colors, and two conversations ago you said you were from a town by Seattle, and in another conversation you said the school mascot was the hawk – and you’ve just told someone where you are]

Profiles – be sure they do not reveal your town, name, school,

Website – if you build a website – do not put any specific information on it (even code that isn’t displayed can be read by anyone) Do not register it with your name

E.  Meeting People on the Internet

            If someone asks to meet you – tell an adult immediately

Chat rooms are particularly dangerous - people you meet in chat rooms can easily be adult "predators" with misleading  names such as “jason15”  “cutiepie08”

Never arrange a face-to-face meeting with someone you meet online

(You have no way of really knowing if that person is a 15 year old boy – or a 50 year old man.)

           

F.  Passwords

Your personal password is your own special identity, so keep it secret and only share it with a parent or guardian.   (Change it often)

G.  Summary – talk with adults about what you are doing on the Internet and have an agreement with your parents or guardian

SUGGESTED LEARNING ACTIVITIES:

Scenarios for Discussion

Cindy has been talking online to a girl named Julie for a few days now. Julie has told Cindy where she lives, how old she is, where she goes to school, and what she looks like. Julie asks Cindy what school she goes to.

Is it okay for Cindy to tell her?

(What else shouldn’t Cindy tell Julie?)

Michael is talking to his friend Chris from school online, studying for a test. They are working on their homework together. Chris says they should meet before class to review for the test. Is this okay?

(Should he also ask a parent just to make sure?)

Jennifer is talking to a friend online when she gets a message saying there is trouble with her computer and she needs to type in her online password again. Should she do it?

(What should she do?)

Jake is talking to a friend he met on the Internet. The friend offers to help him finish his homework, and asks for Jake’s phone number. Is it okay for Jake to give it to him, since it has to do with homework?

(What should he do?)

Allison has been talking to Linda online for several months. Linda says she is the same age as Allison, and lives nearby. Linda wants to meet Allison in the mall to go shopping. Should Allison go meet her?

(What should she do?)

Jeff got an e-mail from someone he doesn’t know, with a file attached. Should he open it?

(What should he do?)

Tina gets an online message from a woman who says her name is Mrs. Anderson, and that she is a math teacher. Mrs. Anderson wants to know what school Tina goes to and what her teacher’s name is. Should Tina tell her?

(What should she do?)

Paul is online when he gets a message saying he won a free Xbox! He just needs to send in his address and phone number so it can be mailed to him. Should he give the information?

(What should he do?)

Make Internet Safety Posters

Mentor Younger Children

Quiz

 1.  Which screen name is best to have??

a. Cheergirl9393

b. ChrisP1990

c. SandySmith999

d. Horseluvr01

e. TPHSCheergrl  

3. While surfing the Internet, you get an error message from your Internet provider, and it says it will delete your account unless you type in your password again, should you send the information?  

a. Yes.

b. No.  

4. If someone online tells you they are a sophomore in high school, and taking driver’s education classes, they are probably how old?  

a. 15

b. 16

c. 35

d. There’s no way to tell!

  

5. If you have been talking on the Internet to a person for a long time, and they want to meet, which is okay to do?  

1. Meet them, as long as you bring a friend.
2. Meet in a public place.
3. Tell someone where you will be before you go.
4. Ask your parent or guardian first and have them go with you.   

6. If someone online sends you a message that is insulting or obscene, you should:  

1. Erase them from your friends list.
2. Delete the message.
3. Insult them back
4. Tell a responsible adult

7.  You are talking to someone online, and they know some of the same people you know. Since they have many of the same friends as you, is it ok to give them your phone number if they ask?  

a. Yes

b. No   

8. It is okay to send someone online your picture when:  

a. They send you theirs first

b. You send them an old picture

c. As long as you don’t send them your address too

d. Only if a parent or guardian is with you and says it is okay

9. You can tell someone a little bit of information about yourself such as

a. Favorite Rock group

b. Year of graduation

c. Favorite beach

d. Teacher’s name

e. School mascot

Answers: 1.  d     2.  b     3. d     4.  d    5.  d     6.  d    7.   d   8.  a

LESSON PLAN - Changes Of Puberty

LESSON PLAN

Subject           : Social/Emotional Health

Grade(s)         : 6-8

Duration        : Two class periods

“Changes Of Puberty”

OBJECTIVES

Students will do the following :

1.    Learn about the changes of puberty for boys and girls

2.    Make a presentation about significant changes that take place during puberty.

MATERIALS

The class will need the following:

·           computer with Internet access (optional but very helpful)

·           Print reference materials, such as encyclopedias or a biology textbook

PROCEDURES

1.    Define puberty as the time when sexual organs mature and additional physical and emotional changes take place, such as increased growth and more intense mood swings. Explain to students that in this lesson they will be learning more about puberty.

2.    Discuss with students their feelings about puberty. Don't be surprised if students are unwilling to express their feelings. Many students at this age are uncomfortable talking about the changes they are experiencing. Be sure to respect each student's comfort level. If you sense that students are uncomfortable, tell them that the best way to overcome those feelings is to learn about what is happening.

3.    Explain that they will be working in small groups to find out the following information about puberty:

·      Approximately when it takes place

·      What physical changes occur in females

·      What physical changes occur in males

·      Why these changes occur

·      What a growth spurt is

·      What is involved in a menstrual cycle

·      What and why emotional changes occur during puberty

·      What hormones are responsible for these changes

4.    Divide students into groups of four or five. Make sure that both boys and girls are in each group. Have each group research the topics identified in step 3 and record their findings. They can use print resources or the following Web sites:

What Is Puberty?

 http://dime01one.blogspot.com/2012/01/what-is-pubertasy.html

Your Health : Puberty - Male

 http://dime01one.blogspot.com/2012/01/puberty-changes-for-males.html

Your Health : Puberty - Female

 http://dime01one.blogspot.com/2012/01/puberty-changes-for-females.html

ParentsTalk : Male Puberty

 http://dime01one.blogspot.com/2012/01/male-puberty.html

ParentsTalk : Explaining Menstruation

 http://dime01one.blogspot.com/2012/01/explaining-menstruations.html

5.    Challenge each group to develop a short skit dramatizing one or two changes they have researched and how kids their age feel about it. The skits must address both a physical and emotional adjustment that takes place during puberty. Possible ideas for skits include the following:

·           What it feels like when a girl gets her period for the first time

·           How a boy feels when he his voice cracks when he's delivering a talk at school

·           How it feels to have a bad facial blemish right before going to a big social event

·           What it feels like as awareness of the opposite sex increases

·           How a girl feels when she can't go to a swim party because she has her period

·           How the smallest boy in the class feels as he watches his peers shoot up

6.    Encourage students to develop skits that accurately depict the situation. During the next class period, have each group perform its skit. Tell students that they can use visual aids, such as charts, to help convey the information.

7.    After all the groups have presented their skits, discuss what students learned from the activity. Do they feel more comfortable talking about these issues with members of the opposite sex? Are they more knowledgeable now about what actually happens during puberty? Encourage students to continue discussing these issues with their friends and family.

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

1.    What do you think is the single hardest thing about going through puberty? What is the greatest benefit of reaching physical adulthood?

2.    What is the relationship between hormones and changes taking place in your body?

3.    Describe one fact that you learned about the experience of puberty in the opposite sex. Do you have a greater appreciation now of what members of the opposite sex are experiencing?

EVALUATION

Use the following three-point rubric to evaluate how well students conducted research, answered the questions, worked with their groups in preparing and presenting skits, and participated in class discussions.

Three points : showed strong research skills; answered all the questions correctly; showed maturity and insight into the topic while working with a group in preparing and presenting a skit; participated actively in class discussions.

Two points : showed on-grade research skills; answered most of the questions correctly; worked well with a group while preparing and presenting a skit; was somewhat engaged in class discussions.

One point : showed below grade level research skills; answered two questions correctly; had trouble working with a group while preparing and presenting a skit; was not engaged in class discussions.

EXTENSIONS

Marking Time

Challenge students to develop a timeline identifying key milestones in their lives. For example, their timelines could include when they first walked and talked, their first play date, their first day of school, their first soccer game, and activities up to the present, including any changes they have experienced during puberty. Encourage students to include at least 10 items. Have students bring in a photograph from home or draw a picture to illustrate each milestone. Have students share their completed timelines with the class. Why did they choose specific events? What features do many of the timelines share? How are the timelines different?

SUGGESTED READINGS

Period: A Girl's Guide

JoAnn Loulan and Bonnie Worthen. Book Peddlers, 2001.

Written for girls who are beginning the process of maturing, this is a straightforward description of the physical changes that happen as girls begin menstruating. Clear diagrams outline the female reproductive system and the process of menstruation. Other chapters discuss how having a period feels and how to cope with all aspects of it. A final chapter explains pelvic exams. An additional section at the end of the book is written for parents and discusses how to talk to your children about menstruation.

What's Going On Down There?: Answers to Questions Boys Find Hard to Ask

Karen Gravelle. Walker and Company, 1998.

This is an informative description of the changes that happen as boys mature. Written in a clear and detailed manner, topics include physical and emotional changes, having sex and making (or not making) babies, staying healthy, and the range of normal events that boys experience. There is a chapter about how girls mature as well. Occasional drawings illustrate the text.

VOCABULARY

endocrine system

Definition: Structures or glands that secrete hormones causing bodily functions, including the onset of puberty.

Context: Theendocrine systemis responsible for regulating the body's growth, metabolism, and functioning of the reproductive organs.

hormone

Definition: A chemical substance produced by an endocrine gland that has a specific effect on the activities of other organs in the body.

Context: During puberty, the body begins secretinghormones, which in turn cause the body to grow and mature.

menstrual cycle

Definition: The time (about every 25 to 28 days) when the uterus prepares for pregnancy by building up its lining, which is discharged if fertilization does not occur, signaling the onset of menstruation.

Context: It's important for girls to keep track of theirmenstrual cycleso that they have a general idea of when to expect their period each month.

puberty

Definition: The time when a person goes from physical maturity to reproductive maturity.

Context: Duringpuberty, both boys and girls experience many changes, including growth spurts, the maturation of their sex organs, and mood swings.

STANDARDS

This lesson adheres to the National Science Education Standards for students in grades 5-8:

·         Life Science

CREDIT

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